Cross-sectional Area: This is one of the core specification parameters of the wire. For a 3.5mm² wire, the cross-sectional area of its conductor is 3.5 square millimeters, and so on, the cross-sectional area of a 38mm² wire is 38 square millimeters. The size of the cross-sectional area directly determines the current-carrying capacity of the wire. Generally speaking, the larger the cross-sectional area, the stronger the current-carrying capacity and the greater the power it can carry.
Conductor Structure: All adopt stranded Copper Conductors, which are formed by stranding multiple thin Copper Wires. Wires of different specifications have different numbers of copper wires and diameters of single copper wires. For example, a 3.5mm² wire may be stranded by 10 copper wires with a diameter of 0.68mm, while a 38mm² wire may be stranded by 50 copper wires with a diameter of 1.0mm. This stranded structure not only improves the Flexibility of the wire but also enhances its overall mechanical strength.
Insulation Thickness: The thickness of the outer PVC Insulation layer also varies with specifications. Generally, wires with smaller cross-sectional areas have relatively thinner insulation layers. For example, the insulation thickness of 3.5mm² and 5.5mm² wires may be about 0.8-1.0mm; while for wires with larger cross-sectional areas, to ensure sufficient insulation performance and mechanical protection, the insulation thickness will be thicker. The insulation thickness of wires with specifications of 22mm² and above may reach 1.2-1.5mm.
Current-carrying Capacity: The current-carrying capacity of different specifications varies significantly. The current-carrying capacity of 3.5mm² and 5.5mm² wires is usually around 10-20 amperes, suitable for low-power equipment; the current-carrying capacity of 8mm² and 14mm² wires is 20-35 amperes, which can meet the needs of medium-power equipment; the current-carrying capacity of 22mm², 30mm² and 38mm² wires is more than 35-60 amperes, which can provide stable power support for high-power equipment. The specific current-carrying value will also be affected by the installation environment (such as temperature, ventilation) and laying methods.
Outer Diameter Size: The outer diameter of the wire is determined by both the conductor and the insulation layer. The outer diameter of a 3.5mm² wire may be 3-4mm. As the cross-sectional area increases, the outer diameter gradually increases, and the outer diameter of a 38mm² wire may reach 10-12mm. The outer diameter size will affect the difficulty of threading and laying the wire. In actual installation, it is necessary to make a reasonable choice according to the diameter of the conduit.
Resistance: The resistance of the copper conductor is an important indicator to measure its conductivity. At 20°C, the conductor resistance of a 3.5mm² wire is usually not more than 5.21Ω/km, that of a 5.5mm² wire is not more than 3.28Ω/km. As the cross-sectional area increases, the resistance value gradually decreases. The conductor resistance of a 38mm² wire may not be more than 0.49Ω/km. Lower resistance can reduce energy loss during current transmission.
3.5mm² and 5.5mm² specifications:
Home lighting systems: In homes, the power of various lamps is relatively small, and 3.5mm² and 5.5mm² wires can fully meet their power supply needs. Whether it is the chandelier in the living room, the ceiling lamp in the bedroom, or the downlight in the kitchen, these two specifications of wires can be used for wiring.
Power supply for small household appliances: Small household appliances such as washing machines, refrigerators, televisions, and microwave ovens generally have a power ranging from several hundred watts to more than one thousand watts. It is more appropriate to use 3.5mm² or 5.5mm² wires for their power supply lines. These wires can stably transmit power to household appliances to ensure their normal operation.
Connection of weak current equipment: The line connection of weak current equipment such as telephones, networks, and cable TVs has low requirements on the current-carrying capacity of the wire, but the wire needs to have a certain degree of flexibility to facilitate laying in narrow spaces such as walls and under floors. 3.5mm² and 5.5mm² stranded Copper Core Wires just meet these requirements.
8mm² and 14mm² specifications:
Medium-power household appliances: Household appliances such as air conditioners, electric water heaters, and electric ovens have relatively large power, usually above 1500 watts, and require wires with stronger current-carrying capacity. 8mm² and 14mm² wires can carry the working current of these household appliances to ensure their safe and stable operation.
Lighting main lines in commercial buildings: In commercial buildings such as shopping malls and office buildings, the lighting system is relatively complex, with a large number of lamps, and the lighting main lines need to carry a large current. 8mm² and 14mm² wires can be used as lighting main lines to distribute power to each branch circuit.
Commercial socket circuits: Sockets in commercial places need to be connected to various office equipment, small display equipment, etc. The total power of these equipment is relatively large. Using 8mm² and 14mm² wires as socket circuits can meet the power demand of multiple equipment working at the same time.
22mm², 30mm² and 38mm² specifications:
Power supply for industrial equipment: Various production equipment in factories, such as lathes, milling machines, compressors, etc., usually have large power and require high-Power Wires for power supply. 22mm², 30mm² and 38mm² wires can provide sufficient power for these equipment to ensure the smooth progress of production.
Large power devices: Large power devices such as water pumps, fans, and large motors require a large current during startup and operation. Only wires with large cross-sectional areas can meet their power requirements to ensure the normal startup and stable operation of the devices.
Distribution main lines: The incoming lines of the main distribution box of a building, the distribution main lines of large distribution rooms, etc., need to distribute high-voltage electricity or large-capacity power to various areas or equipment. Wires with specifications of 22mm² and above are ideal for such scenarios and can withstand huge current loads.
Conductor Material: High-purity electrolytic copper is used as the conductor material. Electrolytic copper has extremely high conductivity, which can efficiently transmit current and reduce energy loss. At the same time, copper has good ductility and plasticity, which is convenient for processing into thin copper wires and stranding. In addition, copper has good oxidation resistance, and is not easy to be oxidized and corroded in normal use environments, which can ensure the long-term stable conduction of the wire.
Insulation Material: The outer insulation layer is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material. PVC is an excellent synthetic material with excellent electrical insulation performance, which can effectively insulate current and prevent short circuits and leakage accidents. It also has properties such as acid and alkali resistance, oil resistance, and wear resistance, which can resist the erosion of various chemical substances and external mechanical wear, and protect the internal copper conductor. Moreover, PVC material is relatively low in price and easy to process, suitable for mass production.
Style Design:
Color identification: The insulation layer of the wire uses different colors for identification to distinguish between live wires, neutral wires, and Ground Wires. Common colors include red, yellow, and green, which are usually used as live wires; blue and black are used as neutral wires; and yellow-green bicolor is specially used as ground wires. Clear color identification can greatly reduce the error rate during installation and improve the safety of the electrical system.
Appearance: The wire is cylindrical as a whole with a smooth and flat surface. The Stranded Copper Conductor makes the wire have good flexibility, which can be bent and folded at will, facilitating laying in various complex environments. It can be flexibly applied whether it is laid through walls, pipes, or along walls.
Identification information: On the surface of the insulation layer of the wire, information such as the specification, model, manufacturer, execution standard, and production date of the product is usually printed. These marks are clearly visible, which is convenient for users to understand the basic situation of the wire and is also conducive to product quality traceability and management.
Copper wire drawing: First, high-purity electrolytic copper ingots are processed into thick copper rods, and then the thick copper rods are drawn into thin copper wires of the required diameter through a wire drawing machine. During the drawing process, it is necessary to control the drawing speed, tension, and the accuracy of the die to ensure that the diameter of the copper wire is uniform, the surface is smooth, and it has good mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. The drawn copper wire also needs to be annealed to eliminate internal stress and improve its flexibility.
Copper wire stranding: According to the requirements of wires of different specifications, multiple strands of thin copper wires are stranded by a stranding machine to form a stranded copper conductor. During stranding, it is necessary to operate according to a certain stranding pitch to ensure the stable structure and good roundness of the conductor. The size of the stranding pitch will affect the flexibility and mechanical strength of the conductor. Generally, the smaller the pitch, the better the flexibility of the conductor, but the production efficiency is relatively low.
Insulation extrusion: The stranded copper conductor is fed into an extruder, and a layer of PVC insulation is wrapped around its outer layer. Before extrusion, the PVC 颗粒 raw material needs to be dried to remove moisture to avoid bubbles in the insulation layer. During the extrusion process, it is necessary to accurately control the extrusion temperature, screw speed, and traction speed to ensure that the insulation layer has uniform thickness, a smooth surface, and is closely combined with the copper conductor. At the same time, according to different color requirements, corresponding color masterbatches are added to the PVC raw material to make the insulation layer show the specified color.
Cooling and solidification: The extruded wire enters a cooling water tank for cooling, so that the PVC insulation layer is quickly solidified and formed. The cooling water temperature needs to be strictly controlled. Generally, a segmented cooling method is adopted, first using water at a lower temperature for preliminary cooling, and then gradually increasing the water temperature to prevent cracks in the insulation layer due to sudden temperature changes. The cooled wire insulation layer should have a certain hardness and elasticity.
Spark test: To test the electrical insulation performance of the insulation layer, a spark test is performed on the cooled wire. The wire is passed through a high-voltage electrode. If the insulation layer has defects such as pinholes and cracks, it will be broken down by high voltage, generating sparks, and the equipment will automatically alarm, which is convenient for timely removal of unqualified products.
Wire take-up and packaging: The wires that pass the inspection are pulled to the take-up machine and wound according to the specified length. When winding, it is necessary to control the take-up tension to make the wire wound neatly and tightly, avoiding looseness or distortion. After winding, the wire is packaged, usually wrapped with plastic film or put into a carton to protect the wire from damage during storage and transportation.
Packaging materials:
Reels: For wires of longer lengths (such as 100 meters, 200 meters, 500 meters), plastic reels or wooden reels are usually used for packaging. Plastic reels have the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance, high strength, and can be recycled; wooden reels have better stability and load-bearing capacity, suitable for packaging wires with large cross-sectional areas and long lengths.
Cartons: For wires of shorter lengths (such as 10 meters, 20 meters, 50 meters), cartons are generally used for packaging. Cartons are made of high-strength corrugated paper, which has certain pressure resistance and moisture resistance, and can protect wires from external pressure and moisture.
Plastic film: After the wire is wound on the reel or put into the carton, a layer of plastic film is wrapped on its surface. Plastic film can play a role in moisture-proof and dust-proof, preventing the wire from being polluted during storage and transportation.
Packaging methods:
Reel packaging: The wire is neatly wound on the reel. During the winding process, it is necessary to ensure that the wire is arranged tightly without overlapping or twisting. After winding, the reel and the wire are wrapped tightly with plastic film, and product labels are pasted on both ends of the reel, indicating the specification, model, length, manufacturer, etc. of the product.
Carton packaging: A certain length of wire is coiled into a circle and put into a carton. To prevent the wire from shaking in the carton, buffer materials such as foam boards and bubble films can be filled in the carton. Then the carton is sealed, and corresponding labels are pasted on the outside of the carton.
Packaging marks: Each package clearly prints relevant product information, including product name, specification (cross-sectional area), length, model, execution standard, production license number, production date, manufacturer name, address, contact information, etc. These marks not only facilitate users to identify and purchase products but also are conducive to product quality traceability and after-sales service. In addition, some warning signs may be printed on the packaging, such as "Keep away from fire sources" and "Handle with care", to remind users to pay attention to relevant matters during storage and transportation.
Transportation methods:
Road transportation: This is one of the most commonly used transportation methods, suitable for medium and short-distance transportation. Road transportation has the characteristics of high flexibility and can realize door-to-door service, which is more convenient for the transportation of small batches and multiple specifications of wires. Transport vehicles usually use trucks, and the carriage should be kept clean and dry.
Railway transportation: Suitable for large quantities and long-distance transportation. Railway transportation has the advantages of large transportation volume, low cost, and good stability, which can effectively reduce losses during transportation. Wires are usually transported in containers or boxcars to prevent being affected by the external environment.
Waterway transportation: Mainly used for long-distance and large-volume transportation, especially for import and export trade. Waterway transportation has low cost but long transportation time. During transportation, the wires need to be properly packaged to prevent moisture and erosion by seawater.
Transportation precautions:
Prevent extrusion: When loading wires, avoid excessive stacking to prevent the wires at the bottom from being deformed or damaged due to excessive pressure. Wires of different specifications and lengths should be stacked separately for easy unloading and counting.
Moisture and water proofing: During transportation, moisture and water proofing measures should be taken to avoid the wires being 淋湿 or soaked by rain. For wires packaged in cartons, ensure that the cartons are not damaged, and cover them with rain cloth if necessary.
Sun protection and high temperature prevention: When transporting in high-temperature weather in summer, avoid the wires being exposed to the sun for a long time to prevent the PVC insulation layer from aging and deformation due to high temperature. You can cover the carriage with a sunshade cloth or choose to transport in the morning and evening when the temperature is lower.
Prevent collision: Transport vehicles should drive smoothly during driving, avoid sudden braking, sharp turns and other operations, prevent collision and friction between wires, resulting in wear of the insulation layer.
Prohibition of mixed loading: Wires cannot be mixed with flammable, explosive, and highly corrosive items for transportation to avoid safety accidents or damage to wires.
Order processing: After receiving the user's order, the staff will review the order in a timely manner to confirm the product specifications, quantity, delivery address, delivery time and other information. If there are special requirements in the order (such as specific length, special packaging, etc.), further communication and confirmation will be made with the user to ensure that the user's needs are met.
Inventory query and stock preparation: According to the order information, query the inventory status. If the inventory is sufficient, retrieve the corresponding products from the warehouse in a timely manner; if the inventory is insufficient, arrange for the production department to produce as soon as possible to ensure that the stock is prepared within the specified delivery time. During the stock preparation process, the products should be strictly inspected to ensure that the specifications, models, quality, etc. of the products meet the order requirements.
Packaging and marking: The products are packaged in accordance with the specified packaging methods, and user information, order numbers, delivery addresses and other contents are clearly marked on the packaging for easy transportation and delivery.
Logistics arrangement: According to the delivery address and quantity of the order, select the appropriate transportation method and logistics company, and sign a transportation contract with the logistics company to clarify the responsibilities and obligations of both parties. Notify the user of the delivery information in a timely manner, including the name of the logistics company and the waybill number, to facilitate the user to query the transportation status of the goods.
Delivery tracking: During the transportation of the goods, the staff will track the logistics information to keep abreast of the location and transportation status of the goods. If any abnormal situation is found (such as delayed delivery or damage to the goods), they will communicate with the logistics company in a timely manner to solve the problem and feedback the situation to the user.
Sample provision: Users can request samples from the manufacturer through phone calls, emails, online platforms, etc., specifying the specifications, models, quantities and other information of the required wires. After receiving the sample request, the manufacturer will prepare the samples within 1-3 working days and send them to the address provided by the user. The length of the sample is usually 1-5 meters, which is sufficient for users to conduct preliminary tests on the appearance, size, performance and other aspects of the product.
Sample fees:
Free samples: For some wires of conventional specifications, the manufacturer may provide samples for free, but the user needs to bear the freight of the samples.
Paid samples: For samples of special specifications or Customized Wires, the manufacturer will charge a certain sample fee, which depends on the specifications of the samples and the production cost. If the user makes a large purchase later, the manufacturer will deduct the sample fee from the payment.
Sample testing: After receiving the samples, users can conduct various performance tests on them. For example, measure the cross-sectional area, outer diameter, insulation thickness and other dimensional parameters of the wire; use a multimeter and other tools to test the resistance of the conductor to judge its conductivity; carry out insulation resistance test and voltage resistance test to check the insulation performance of the insulation layer. If the sample meets the user's requirements, the user can purchase in large quantities with confidence; if there is a problem with the sample, the user can communicate with the manufacturer in a timely manner, and the manufacturer will make improvements according to the feedback.
Quality assurance: The manufacturer provides a certain period of quality assurance for the stranded copper core PVC wires it produces, usually 1-3 years. During the quality assurance period, if the product cannot be used normally due to its own quality problems (such as conductor breakage, insulation layer cracking, etc.), the user can apply for free replacement or return with the purchase certificate.
Technical support: When users encounter technical problems during the installation and use of the wires, they can contact the technical personnel of the manufacturer for help at any time. Technical personnel will provide professional guidance to users through phone calls, emails, videos, etc., such as suggestions on wire selection, installation methods, troubleshooting, etc. For example, help users select wires of appropriate specifications according to the power of electrical equipment, and guide users to correctly connect and lay the wires.
Complaint handling: If users are dissatisfied with product quality or service, they can complain to the manufacturer. The manufacturer will promptly accept users' complaints, conduct investigations and verifications, and give users a reply and solution within a specified time. For problems that do exist, the manufacturer will actively take measures to rectify them to improve product quality and service level.
Regular return visits: Some manufacturers will also conduct regular return visits to users to understand the use of the wires and collect users' opinions and suggestions. Through return visits, manufacturers can find problems existing in products in a timely manner, continuously improve products and services, and improve user satisfaction and loyalty.
Hongtai Cable Technology Co., Ltd
E-mail: export@qlcables.com
sales@qlcables.com
Tel / WhatsApp: + 86-18032066271
Ajouter: Zone de développement industriel de Xiaokou, comté de Ningjin, City de Xingtai ， Province de Hebei, Chine
Copyright © Hongtai Cable Technology Co., Ltd Support technique:Technologie Ronglida
Ce site Web utilise des cookies pour vous garantir la meilleure expérience sur notre site Web.
English
Español
Portugues
Pусский
العربية
ไทย
Türk dili
Indonesia
Tiếng Việt
Téléphone
E-mail